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 * ENVIRO-HISTORY TIMELINE**

**THE FRONTIER ERA (1607-1890) & EARLIER CONSERVATIONISTS (1832-1870)** Thomas Malthus (late 1700s) Henry David Thoreau (1860?) George Perkins Marsh (1864) (London Killer Fog events (1880, 1892) ) U.S. Government declares frontier closed (1890)

** INCREASING ROLE OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE ACTORS IN RESOURCE CONSERVATION & PUBLIC HEALTH (1870-1930) ** Forest Reserve Act (1891) John Muir (1892) – discuss his philosophy of “preservation” Sierra Club (1892) Lacey Act (1900) Reclamation Act (1902) Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt (early 1901-1909 The Golden Age of Conservation) Gifford Pinchot (1905) Audobon Society, founding of (1905) Antiquities Act (1906) Svante Arhenius (1908) Alice Hamilton (1910?) Woodrow Wilson / National Park Service Act (1916) Migratory Bird Treaty Act (1918) SECOND WAVE OF CONSERVATION & PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES (1930s - 1960)  Franklin D. Roosevelt (early 1930s stuff … think history class!) Civilian Conservation Corps (1933) Tennessee Valley Authority (1933?) Dust Bowl begins in Midwest (1934) Taylor Grazing Act (1934) Soil Conservation Act (1935) U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (1940) Defenders of Wildlife (1947) FIFRA (1947) Donora, PA (1948) Aldo Leopold (1949 publication) The Nature Conservancy formed (1950) London Killer Smog (1952, 1956, 1962) Price-Anderson Act (1957) ** THE RISE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTS (1960s) ** World Wildlife Fund, foundation of (1961) Rachel Carson (1962 publication) Wilderness Act (1964) Lake Eerie pollution & beach closing (1965-9) Environmental Defense Fund (1967) Garrett Hardin (1968) Paul Ehrlich (1968) Apollo missions and spaceship earth worldview (1969) Cuyahoga River burning (1969) Santa Barbara Oil Spill (1969)

** THE ENVIRONMENTAL DECADE (1970s) ** National Environmental Policy Act (1970) Clean Air Act (1970, with beginning in 1963 & additional amendments in 1965 & 1990) First Earth Day (1970) National Resources Defense Council (1970) Barry Commoner (1971) Richard Nixon (early 1970s) Clean Water Act (1972) Oregon beverage bottle recycling law (1972) OPEC Oil Embargo (1973) Endangered Species Act (1973)

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (1973) Energy Policy and Conservation Act (1975)

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA, 1976) Times Beach, Missouri (1976) Amory Lovins (1977?) Love Canal (1978) Federal Land Policy Management Act (1978) Three Mile Island Nuclear Accident (1979)

** THE ANTI-ENVIRONMENTAL YEARS: ENVIRONMENTAL BACKLASH (1980s) ** Sagebrush Rebellion (1980?) Superfund Act /CERCLA (1980) Bhopal, India, Union Carbide accident (1984) Lester Brown (1984) State of the World Report Chernobyl Nuclear Accident (1986)  The 1986 Chernobyl Accident Basel Convention (1987) Montreal Protocol (1987) E. O. Wilson (1988) Wise Use Movement (1988) Exxon Valdez (1989)

** THE 1990s & 2000s ** Oil Pollution Act (1990 1994)

Rio Summit, International Convention on Global Biodiversity (1992) Theo Coburn (1996) Kyoto Protocol (1997)   U.N. International Panel on Climate Change (2001, 2007) Deep Water Horizon Accident (2010)

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